Understanding Torticollis: Symptoms, Causes, and Early Intervention

A Parent’s Guide to Understanding and Managing Infant Torticollis

Torticollis, also known as congenital torticollis or "wryneck," is a common condition that affects a baby’s neck muscles*, often  causing a noticeable head tilt or preference for turning the head to one side. Early detection and treatment are essential to support healthy development and prevent long-term issues. 

* The sternocleidomastoid muscle, responsible for head tilt and turning, is the primary muscle affected with a torticollis.

Symptoms of Torticollis in Babies

Recognizing the early signs of torticollis can help parents seek timely care. Common symptoms include:

• Head Tilt: Your baby consistently tilts their head to one side.

• Body Curving: The torso may curve towards one side.

• Limited Neck Movement: Difficulty turning the head in both directions.

• Tummy Time Discomfort: Fussiness or resistance when placed on their belly for play.

Causes of Torticollis

Torticollis can develop due to several factors:

• In utero: baby’s position in the womb can affect neck muscle development. 

• Birth trauma: prolonged time in the birth canal and other factors can affect the neck muscles.

• Tethered oral tissues: Lip or tongue ties can restrict movement and contribute to muscular imbalances.

Importance of Early Intervention

Early detection and intervention is essential and can significantly improve outcomes. Pediatric physical therapy is often recommended and can:

• Improve baby's neck mobility and range of motion.

• Reduce muscle tension throughout the body.  

• Promote symmetrical posture. 

• Foster advancement of motor skill development. 

If  tethered oral tissues are present, addressing them may be a key part of the treatment plan.

When to Seek Help

If you suspect your baby has torticollis, or have concerns about your baby’s head position or movement, it's important to  consult your pediatrician or pediatric physical therapist. Early diagnosis and intervention can make a significant difference in your baby's comfort and future physical development.